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read our mother lost her again

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ebay

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I am away far away

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welcome to this edition of NASA images

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I'm Lynn Bondurant during this show

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we're focusing on historic NASA

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documentary footage showing how

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satellite service the short films we are

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about to see our Aeronautics and Space

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reports and we'll begin with the portion

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of one released in 1965 there were two

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tyros weather satellites placed in orbit

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tyros nine and Tyros 10 between them

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they spotted five hurricanes and 14

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typhoons their television eyes

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transmitted thousands of photographs of

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the entire Earth to aid weather

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forecasters early bird one the world's

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first commercial communication satellite

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was launched by NASA for the

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communication satellite corporation

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early bird provides telephone telegraph

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high-speed data and television between

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Europe and the United States one of the

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14 scientific satellites launched was an

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orbiting solar observatory also to all

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souls instruments provided information

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on the seething hot gases surrounding

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the Sun and how its tremendous energy

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controls events on earth and other

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planets another filmed report released

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two years later in 1967 tells how

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communication satellites quickly linked

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up the world okay we're going straight

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up let it fill up because of the

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following special one-hour broadcast

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programs previously scheduled at this

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I'm I to wipe to the bird and make a

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Mexico is on the line Mexico is feeding

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this event television beamed via

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satellite is now commonplace to make it

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possible an experimental program was

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initiated in 1958 to develop the

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technology the capability for

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communication satellite systems the

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advantage of satellite communications is

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height microwave transmitted in a

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straight line carries telephone teletype

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and TV but a hill in the path of a

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microwave tower can block the signal and

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the system stopped at the ocean's edge

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until we had communication satellites

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echo NASA's first experimental system

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was a passive communication satellite

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passive because it served as a giant

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mirror reflecting signals transmitted by

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one ground station to the receiver of

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another then telstar and investigations

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of active communication satellites

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called active because they have the

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ability to receive amplify and

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retransmits signals to distant locations

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it was AT&T still star that provided the

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first live intercontinental television

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presley page because telstar was in

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sight of ground stations for short

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periods of time transmissions were

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intermittent another medium altitude

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thousands of tests and experiments were

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conducted over relay many involving

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transatlantic and trans-pacific

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television transmissions next a

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high-altitude satellite orbiting at the

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same relative speed as Earth appearing

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to hover at one point at all times

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NASA's experimental simcom satellites

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were the first to be placed in such

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synchronous orbits it was via syncom 3

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that live television coverage of the

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Tokyo Olympic Games was accomplished

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from experimental to operational the

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communications satellite corporation

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adapted the sin calm design concept to

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the world's first commercial

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communication satellite early bird one

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with early bird and later operational

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communication satellites long-distance

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telephone telegraph and television

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transmissions have become a common

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occurrence here heart surgery seen

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thousands of miles away as it was

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performed to test even newer

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communications concepts NASA is placing

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in orbit a series of applications

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technology satellites they will be used

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to try out new systems for improving

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aircraft communication color television

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and many other advanced experiments

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whether spanning continents or oceans

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experimental and operational

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communication satellites are playing an

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not only our satellites used to help the

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world communicate better but they are

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used to peer into the universe as this

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1971 film shows recently a small

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astronomy satellite nicknamed SAS was

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launched from a platform of Kenya South

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Africa managing the project for NASA's

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Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland

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mrs. marjorie townsend here she

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describes the SAS mission the mission of

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the small astronomy satellite is to map

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the celestial sphere for x-ray sources

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these are stars that radiate x-rays and

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it's only since the advent of the Space

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Age that we even knew that there were

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stars in the sky that did send out

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x-rays because x-rays don't penetrate

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the atmosphere the astrophysicists hope

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that they will help to learn the origin

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of the universe from the data that they

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get back the best launch site from which

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to launch high-energy astronomy

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experiments is near the equator at the

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san marco launch site owned and operated

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by the italian government this

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particular launch site is a very large

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barge elevated on several legs above the

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surface of the ocean three miles east of

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the coast of Kenya in the Indian Ocean

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sass one weighs about 318 pounds and is

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orbiting the Earth every hour and a half

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sending back large quantities of data we

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asked mrs. Townsend how they ensure the

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spacecraft does what it's supposed to

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once in space a very great deal of

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effort and testing goes into building a

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successful spacecraft for example every

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transistor and integrated circuit is

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tested with an x-ray machine to see if

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there's anything inside that could cause

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a problem later on only tested

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components are used in the fabrication

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of circuit cards that eventually go into

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the spacecraft

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the inter connecting harness is built

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with very great care and tested with

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extreme care as is each circuit card

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before they're all put together into the

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final spacecraft configuration then the

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total spacecraft is checked electrically

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for many many hours to make sure that

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it's performing perfectly the small

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astronomy satellite a little spacecraft

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doing a big job another job

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earth-orbiting satellites perform is

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earth observation satellites can look at

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earth below to find natural resources

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and can do many other important jobs to

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this 1972 pre-launch film shows us such

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a satellite it's called the earth

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resources technology satellite weighing

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nearly a ton the butterfly shaped craft

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is 10 feet tall by 11 feet wide this is

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the business end of the Earth's

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satellite housed here are the cameras

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and sensors that will always be pointed

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earthward seeing and electronically

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touching the earth what can the Earth's

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see and sense from its vantage point in

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space these are some of the things

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experimenters hope to study it can

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detect water pollution trends and

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monitor pollutant concentrations in our

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air by showing rainfall and snow levels

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allow quicker prediction of potential

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floods monitor crop conditions provide

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timber inventories spot land-use

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patterns locate underwater features in

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our oceans that are hazardous to

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navigation catalog surface rocks and

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mineral formation chart changes in ocean

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currents and generally improve the

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mapping of earth the earth resources

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technology satellite will soon be

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launched by NASA into a 564 mile high

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orbit circling the world 14 times daily

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the Earth's cameras and sensors will

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methodically record over

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lapping images of large sections of the

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globe earth resources technology

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satellite a revolutionary tool that

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holds great promise for continually

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now let's see a post launch film clip

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from 1975 which shows results from the

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Landsat earth resources satellite color

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infrared photography was developed as a

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camouflage detection film during the

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Second World War now the film is

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designed to record the reflected energy

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as read and this is why on color

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infrared film you'll see that vegetation

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trees or grasses and so on show up is

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red and simply insert it these four

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areas here on this very north is keef of

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the earth resources observation system

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at nasa's space technology laboratories

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near New Orleans he actually works for

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the Department of Interior several other

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federal and state agencies make use of

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the big NASA facility where moon rocket

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engines were tested during project

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Apollo Gary North spends a lot of his

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time showing city planners

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conservationists engineers and farmers

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how to read and acquired Landsat

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satellite pictures pictures that could

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usefully serve their individual needs we

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find it's almost an old cliche but to

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say that most people don't know what's

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happening they're not familiar with the

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fact that the Department of Interior has

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a space program or that nASA has

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designed an earth resources satellite

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which helps may in inventory resources

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and look at pollution and so on usually

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they thought of Apollo launches or the

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actual main theme of the Apollo program

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to lay in the safely return man from the

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moon we've all heard you know what are

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the applications beyond this type of

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thing and and the remote sensing space

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business is one of the biggest ones we

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feel North described information that

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could be helpful in several areas the

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use of the remotely sensed data for

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geologic applications is one of the most

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promising at the present time being able

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to detect new the geologic structure

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faults liniments these types of things

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hold a great key to potential new

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deposits of minerals and petroleum and

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so on geographic applications usually

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take the form of land-use analysis this

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is land-use mapping and planning or any

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basic natural resource inventory

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assessment program and we find that with

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the satellite data that you can pretty

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well map such categories as agriculture

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forestry water urban areas in the field

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of snow monitoring where the snow line

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is therefore as it melts during the

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spring maybe we can have a better idea

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of the amount of water that enters the

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ground and surface water systems and

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just monitoring the surface extent of

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lakes and ponds or an area like in South

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Florida where water is very important to

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the wildlife the Everglades National

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Park and of course the human systems

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Miami and so on they must all draw this

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type of thing and we can watch this with

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a repetitive coverage your satellite

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data comes with four blocks from mapping

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to monitoring range lands and grasslands

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to land sense 570 miles out in space

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continuously survey our natural

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resources and return thousands of useful

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images that can be made quickly

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available from computer storage to

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anyone who needs them that you think

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might be of use to you in the field of

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communications nasa over the years has

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developed experimental communication

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satellites which were used to advance

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the state-of-the-art this pre launch

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1974 film describes one of those

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satellites it's called atsf well 80 S

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stands for application technology

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satellite dr. Wernher von Braun is vice

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president for engineering and

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development Fairchild industries builder

283
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of the soon-to-be-launched atsf

284
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spacecraft through master ground

285
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stations ATS will broadcast television

286
00:14:47,090 --> 00:14:44,730
programs to small inexpensive antenna

287
00:14:49,670 --> 00:14:47,100
receivers in other words for the first

288
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time here a satellite has enough power

289
00:14:55,970 --> 00:14:53,070
in enough beaming capability installed

290
00:14:57,180 --> 00:14:55,980
but the signal received on the ground is

291
00:14:59,440 --> 00:14:57,190
strong enough or is

292
00:15:02,710 --> 00:14:59,450
essentially by a normal television

293
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receiver as a result we can equip

294
00:15:07,930 --> 00:15:05,060
thousands of remote locations with

295
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receiver sets that can get the benefit

296
00:15:13,689 --> 00:15:10,820
of direct television the most dominant

297
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part of a TS is its 30-foot antenna that

298
00:15:19,720 --> 00:15:15,980
beam signals to the ground it's shown

299
00:15:21,340 --> 00:15:19,730
here unfolding as it will in space from

300
00:15:23,829 --> 00:15:21,350
its twenty three thousand mile high

301
00:15:26,530 --> 00:15:23,839
orbit 80's can travel around the earth

302
00:15:29,079 --> 00:15:26,540
once every 24 hours since the Earth

303
00:15:31,750 --> 00:15:29,089
rotates at the same speed the satellite

304
00:15:33,819 --> 00:15:31,760
appears stationary during its first year

305
00:15:36,910 --> 00:15:33,829
of operation it will be put to good use

306
00:15:38,710 --> 00:15:36,920
over the United States one of its major

307
00:15:43,509 --> 00:15:38,720
jobs will be to provide health services

308
00:15:47,470 --> 00:15:43,519
to remote regions imagine a nurse in

309
00:15:49,750 --> 00:15:47,480
remote settlement in Alaska is trying to

310
00:15:52,870 --> 00:15:49,760
give birth to a baby and runs into a

311
00:15:54,910 --> 00:15:52,880
medical complication then she can talk

312
00:15:58,060 --> 00:15:54,920
back through the satellite using

313
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satellite as a relay to get the advice

314
00:16:03,990 --> 00:16:01,220
and support from a medical doctor see in

315
00:16:07,800 --> 00:16:04,000
the contiguous states or even from

316
00:16:12,300 --> 00:16:07,810
Anchorage and he in turn can provide

317
00:16:15,939 --> 00:16:12,310
pictorial material as well as voice

318
00:16:18,280 --> 00:16:15,949
assistance to the nurse while he is

319
00:16:20,610 --> 00:16:18,290
delivering the baby on real-time in

320
00:16:23,319 --> 00:16:20,620
other words besides the health services

321
00:16:25,180 --> 00:16:23,329
educational programs ranging from career

322
00:16:28,960 --> 00:16:25,190
guidance to teacher training will be

323
00:16:30,819 --> 00:16:28,970
telecast to those who need it most it

324
00:16:32,590 --> 00:16:30,829
has been estimated that in the Rocky

325
00:16:36,939 --> 00:16:32,600
Mountain States alone there are about

326
00:16:38,500 --> 00:16:36,949
three million adult illiterate in

327
00:16:41,139 --> 00:16:38,510
addition there of course the children

328
00:16:44,199 --> 00:16:41,149
who also sometimes have very marginal

329
00:16:47,410 --> 00:16:44,209
school opportunities now as far as

330
00:16:50,590 --> 00:16:47,420
Alaska is concerned there are about

331
00:16:52,750 --> 00:16:50,600
300,000 people in Alaska and 50,000 of

332
00:16:55,900 --> 00:16:52,760
these people are estimated to live in

333
00:16:57,850 --> 00:16:55,910
settlements that have no permanent road

334
00:16:59,620 --> 00:16:57,860
access and of course during the winter

335
00:17:02,050 --> 00:16:59,630
months and windows about eight months in

336
00:17:04,150 --> 00:17:02,060
the last card of a year they are not

337
00:17:07,210 --> 00:17:04,160
accessible at all because of ice and

338
00:17:09,819 --> 00:17:07,220
snow and darkness so they are completely

339
00:17:10,930 --> 00:17:09,829
excuse me quedo and with this satellite

340
00:17:13,280 --> 00:17:10,940
system

341
00:17:15,890 --> 00:17:13,290
effective school service could be

342
00:17:18,770 --> 00:17:15,900
rendered to these settlements in Alaska

343
00:17:21,410 --> 00:17:18,780
as well during the second year of

344
00:17:24,490 --> 00:17:21,420
operation some five thousand villages in

345
00:17:29,360 --> 00:17:24,500
India will receive telecasts from 80s

346
00:17:33,410 --> 00:17:29,370
this example was India where seventy

347
00:17:36,530 --> 00:17:33,420
percent of a population of 570 million

348
00:17:40,730 --> 00:17:36,540
people will benefit from communication

349
00:17:43,820 --> 00:17:40,740
satellites by having at last some

350
00:17:46,640 --> 00:17:43,830
education available to themselves as a

351
00:17:50,300 --> 00:17:46,650
classical example our program that

352
00:17:52,700 --> 00:17:50,310
allegedly was the sort of a thing only

353
00:17:55,340 --> 00:17:52,710
the super rich can afford is now

354
00:18:00,130 --> 00:17:55,350
directly benefiting the poorest of the

355
00:18:03,110 --> 00:18:00,140
poor health and educational television

356
00:18:05,960 --> 00:18:03,120
transmissions navigation and air traffic

357
00:18:08,540 --> 00:18:05,970
control weather research these are but a

358
00:18:12,860 --> 00:18:08,550
few of many experiments plan for the new

359
00:18:16,220 --> 00:18:12,870
applications technology satellite the

360
00:18:19,130 --> 00:18:16,230
next film made in 1975 shows how the

361
00:18:26,490 --> 00:18:19,140
applications technology satellite was

362
00:18:26,500 --> 00:18:31,000
like a flowers its way

363
00:18:35,710 --> 00:18:33,640
the Rocky Mountains one-third the

364
00:18:37,750 --> 00:18:35,720
landmass of the united states yet

365
00:18:40,270 --> 00:18:37,760
inhabited by only four percent of the

366
00:18:42,580 --> 00:18:40,280
nation's people thousands of small

367
00:18:45,490 --> 00:18:42,590
communities inaccessible by ordinary

368
00:18:48,760 --> 00:18:45,500
means of communication exist in relative

369
00:18:51,040 --> 00:18:48,770
isolation now with the help of NASA's

370
00:18:53,350 --> 00:18:51,050
application technology satellites a

371
00:18:55,060 --> 00:18:53,360
unique educational services being

372
00:19:00,010 --> 00:18:55,070
offered to many of these remote

373
00:19:02,620 --> 00:19:00,020
locations good morning welcome to timing

374
00:19:04,900 --> 00:19:02,630
I'm gene getting I'm Karen beard today

375
00:19:07,990 --> 00:19:04,910
we'd like to talk with blanding Utah and

376
00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:08,000
buzzy Montana we can to test the

377
00:19:13,150 --> 00:19:10,370
effectiveness of the system junior high

378
00:19:15,310 --> 00:19:13,160
school students in 56 rural schools

379
00:19:17,620 --> 00:19:15,320
scattered over eight states including

380
00:19:20,160 --> 00:19:17,630
this one in blanding Utah receive

381
00:19:23,290 --> 00:19:20,170
educational television programs daily

382
00:19:25,450 --> 00:19:23,300
the program's dealing with decision

383
00:19:27,610 --> 00:19:25,460
making and career education are

384
00:19:29,470 --> 00:19:27,620
transmitted via satellite from the

385
00:19:32,400 --> 00:19:29,480
Federation of Rocky Mountain States

386
00:19:35,380 --> 00:19:32,410
television production Center in Denver

387
00:19:37,990 --> 00:19:35,390
using simple inexpensive antennas the

388
00:19:40,030 --> 00:19:38,000
schools receive color television and a

389
00:19:42,100 --> 00:19:40,040
three of the sites in each state the

390
00:19:44,130 --> 00:19:42,110
students can also talk to their TV

391
00:19:47,740 --> 00:19:44,140
teachers in Denver it's called

392
00:19:49,660 --> 00:19:47,750
interaction there is Tuesday as you know

393
00:19:52,660 --> 00:19:49,670
that means that today's program talked

394
00:19:56,700 --> 00:19:52,670
about decision-making again it talked a

395
00:19:59,170 --> 00:19:56,710
little bit about investigating the your

396
00:20:01,750 --> 00:19:59,180
alternatives gathering information about

397
00:20:10,230 --> 00:20:01,760
them checking out their reliability and

398
00:20:10,240 --> 00:20:13,900
deal question

399
00:20:23,560 --> 00:20:21,640
planning with this is BS everyone why

400
00:20:26,470 --> 00:20:23,570
are the three did you making process is

401
00:20:28,390 --> 00:20:26,480
so important question from landing is

402
00:20:30,610 --> 00:20:28,400
why is it why are the decision why is

403
00:20:33,580 --> 00:20:30,620
the decision making process so important

404
00:20:36,490 --> 00:20:33,590
how many people make decisions

405
00:20:38,020 --> 00:20:36,500
throughout their lifetime that they

406
00:20:40,330 --> 00:20:38,030
don't look at all the possible options

407
00:20:41,710 --> 00:20:40,340
that they have in fact many decisions

408
00:20:43,570 --> 00:20:41,720
are made without having all the

409
00:20:45,610 --> 00:20:43,580
information we asked some of the

410
00:20:47,230 --> 00:20:45,620
students at san juan junior high school

411
00:20:48,700 --> 00:20:47,240
in blanding how they feel they are

412
00:20:51,970 --> 00:20:48,710
benefiting from the satellite

413
00:20:54,730 --> 00:20:51,980
transmitted TV well let's paola do a

414
00:20:56,410 --> 00:20:54,740
certain job will other good do you tell

415
00:20:58,259 --> 00:20:56,420
them to stuff like that on TV you can

416
00:21:04,190 --> 00:20:58,269
learn young

417
00:21:06,289 --> 00:21:04,200
sad like coconut Oh their mouths hmm

418
00:21:09,529 --> 00:21:06,299
how much education I need to get a

419
00:21:11,720 --> 00:21:09,539
certain job modest oh how to make

420
00:21:13,970 --> 00:21:11,730
decisions and your critters and what

421
00:21:17,600 --> 00:21:13,980
kind of interests and abilities you need

422
00:21:20,299 --> 00:21:17,610
in certain careers Oh get you out of

423
00:21:22,269 --> 00:21:20,309
going through another class another

424
00:21:24,799 --> 00:21:22,279
major part of the satellite television

425
00:21:26,930 --> 00:21:24,809
transmissions is a course offered every

426
00:21:28,669 --> 00:21:26,940
two weeks for teachers not directly

427
00:21:31,250 --> 00:21:28,679
involved in the career education

428
00:21:33,980 --> 00:21:31,260
programming as with the student

429
00:21:37,639 --> 00:21:33,990
interaction so to the teachers can talk

430
00:21:41,870 --> 00:21:37,649
directly to the experts in Denver be a

431
00:21:45,799 --> 00:21:41,880
71 week min please this is landing we

432
00:21:48,289 --> 00:21:45,809
had a question concerning the financing

433
00:21:50,950 --> 00:21:48,299
or the funds that work the way that you

434
00:21:54,409 --> 00:21:50,960
went about raising a fund for this fair

435
00:21:57,049 --> 00:21:54,419
over how about the process of raising

436
00:21:59,269 --> 00:21:57,059
funds for this fair the first year that

437
00:22:02,299 --> 00:21:59,279
we did it we did seek initial funding

438
00:22:03,529 --> 00:22:02,309
and we went to the Junior League and the

439
00:22:05,149 --> 00:22:03,539
Chamber of Commerce and the State

440
00:22:07,850 --> 00:22:05,159
Department's of Education for that

441
00:22:13,260 --> 00:22:10,950
education via satellite extending

442
00:22:15,149 --> 00:22:13,270
communications into remote locations

443
00:22:20,659 --> 00:22:15,159
through the nation's first widespread

444
00:22:25,380 --> 00:22:23,430
weather satellites of course have been

445
00:22:28,020 --> 00:22:25,390
very important servants for people

446
00:22:31,380 --> 00:22:28,030
across the world our next short clip

447
00:22:33,120 --> 00:22:31,390
from 1975 commemorates the 15th

448
00:22:38,399 --> 00:22:33,130
anniversary of weather satellites

449
00:22:43,359 --> 00:22:41,469
facility oh it's intricate bits but

450
00:22:45,279 --> 00:22:43,369
we've come a long way in weather

451
00:22:47,619 --> 00:22:45,289
forecasting since the early balloon

452
00:22:53,739 --> 00:22:47,629
launching days thanks mainly to weather

453
00:22:56,080 --> 00:22:53,749
satellites just 15 years ago this month

454
00:22:58,989 --> 00:22:56,090
NASA launched the first Tyros weather

455
00:23:00,339 --> 00:22:58,999
satellite from Cape Canaveral the views

456
00:23:02,469 --> 00:23:00,349
of Earth were pretty rudimentary

457
00:23:04,539 --> 00:23:02,479
compared to today's high quality

458
00:23:06,339 --> 00:23:04,549
pictures but they proved that routine

459
00:23:09,669 --> 00:23:06,349
global weather observation by a

460
00:23:12,190 --> 00:23:09,679
satellite was possible with each

461
00:23:14,229 --> 00:23:12,200
succeeding one these weather sentinels

462
00:23:17,080 --> 00:23:14,239
have become more and more sophisticated

463
00:23:19,749 --> 00:23:17,090
here the synchronous meteorological

464
00:23:23,249 --> 00:23:19,759
satellite two are already in orbit with

465
00:23:25,539 --> 00:23:23,259
a third scheduled for launch this fall

466
00:23:27,810 --> 00:23:25,549
besides transmitting cloud cover

467
00:23:30,999 --> 00:23:27,820
pictures every 30 minutes day and night

468
00:23:33,219 --> 00:23:31,009
SMS can receive and send environmental

469
00:23:35,519 --> 00:23:33,229
information from thousands of manned and

470
00:23:39,219 --> 00:23:35,529
unmanned data collection platforms

471
00:23:45,580 --> 00:23:39,229
located at sea in rivers lakes and on

472
00:23:47,739 --> 00:23:45,590
land the synchronous meteorological

473
00:23:49,930 --> 00:23:47,749
satellite pictures are made into film

474
00:23:52,599 --> 00:23:49,940
loops daily at the world weather center

475
00:23:56,430 --> 00:23:52,609
near Washington DC to show cloud

476
00:23:58,330 --> 00:23:56,440
movement over oceans and land masses

477
00:24:00,399 --> 00:23:58,340
meteorologists are hopeful that this

478
00:24:02,440 --> 00:24:00,409
kind of information will give them clues

479
00:24:04,479 --> 00:24:02,450
to the weather conditions that for

480
00:24:07,810 --> 00:24:04,489
instance cause tornadoes and other

481
00:24:10,839 --> 00:24:07,820
fast-moving weather systems weather

482
00:24:12,430 --> 00:24:10,849
satellites over the past 15 years they

483
00:24:15,039 --> 00:24:12,440
have returned more than two million

484
00:24:17,830 --> 00:24:15,049
pictures provided advanced warnings and

485
00:24:22,629 --> 00:24:17,840
allowed no major storm anywhere on the

486
00:24:25,749 --> 00:24:22,639
globe to go undetected our next clip

487
00:24:29,769 --> 00:24:25,759
from 1977 is about an astronomy

488
00:24:31,810 --> 00:24:29,779
satellite which was about to be launched

489
00:24:34,359 --> 00:24:31,820
since the beginning man has been

490
00:24:36,219 --> 00:24:34,369
intrigued by the stars stars spend most

491
00:24:38,169 --> 00:24:36,229
of their lives quietly burning away

492
00:24:40,539 --> 00:24:38,179
their nuclear fuels as if they were

493
00:24:42,549 --> 00:24:40,549
giant reactors they are much more

494
00:24:44,469 --> 00:24:42,559
efficient at producing energy than is

495
00:24:48,159 --> 00:24:44,479
our primitive burning of fuels on earth

496
00:24:50,649 --> 00:24:48,169
today the sun is a small star yet one

497
00:24:53,950 --> 00:24:50,659
second of its output is equal to all the

498
00:24:55,599 --> 00:24:53,960
energy ever consumed on earth great

499
00:24:58,180 --> 00:24:55,609
potential benefits may come from

500
00:25:00,279 --> 00:24:58,190
studying and understanding the stars how

501
00:25:02,409 --> 00:25:00,289
they produce energy and then how they

502
00:25:05,109 --> 00:25:02,419
transmitted over millions of miles of

503
00:25:08,469 --> 00:25:05,119
empty space losing little if any of its

504
00:25:10,690 --> 00:25:08,479
intensity along the way all astronomy

505
00:25:13,119 --> 00:25:10,700
was done by human eyes and telescopes

506
00:25:15,519 --> 00:25:13,129
before space exploration with men and

507
00:25:16,989 --> 00:25:15,529
satellites allowed scientists to lift

508
00:25:19,899 --> 00:25:16,999
their instruments above the Earth's

509
00:25:21,940 --> 00:25:19,909
distorting atmosphere high energy

510
00:25:26,649 --> 00:25:21,950
streaming out from the stars is hidden

511
00:25:30,039 --> 00:25:26,659
by this atmosphere this is he'll short

512
00:25:32,469 --> 00:25:30,049
for high-energy astronomy observatory it

513
00:25:35,560 --> 00:25:32,479
is the first of three such star Watchers

514
00:25:39,430 --> 00:25:35,570
being readied by trw for launch between

515
00:25:41,829 --> 00:25:39,440
now and 1979 weighing nearly three tons

516
00:25:43,719 --> 00:25:41,839
jijo is made up of two parts and

517
00:25:47,349 --> 00:25:43,729
experiments module and a spacecraft

518
00:25:49,719 --> 00:25:47,359
module once in space this first

519
00:25:52,419 --> 00:25:49,729
high-energy astronomy observatory will

520
00:25:54,879 --> 00:25:52,429
rotate slowly so that over a six-month

521
00:25:57,269 --> 00:25:54,889
period of time it will scan the entire

522
00:26:00,729 --> 00:25:57,279
cosmos mapping everything it observes

523
00:26:04,749 --> 00:26:00,739
pulsars quasars supernovae and black

524
00:26:07,299 --> 00:26:04,759
holes heal a new space observatory to

525
00:26:10,060 --> 00:26:07,309
help us understand how extremely high

526
00:26:12,459 --> 00:26:10,070
energies are generated in space perhaps

527
00:26:15,219 --> 00:26:12,469
unlocking secrets of the evolution of

528
00:26:19,419 --> 00:26:15,229
the universe even showing new ways to

529
00:26:22,589 --> 00:26:19,429
generate power here on earth Eoin was

530
00:26:24,879 --> 00:26:22,599
successfully launched in august 12 1977

531
00:26:27,879 --> 00:26:24,889
the satellite was one of the heaviest

532
00:26:31,930 --> 00:26:27,889
launched up until then now let's see a

533
00:26:34,930 --> 00:26:31,940
very short 1977 clip showing animation

534
00:26:37,209 --> 00:26:34,940
about one of heels first discoveries how

535
00:26:39,099 --> 00:26:37,219
stars produce the energy that makes them

536
00:26:40,010 --> 00:26:39,109
burn so bright and then how they

537
00:26:42,080 --> 00:26:40,020
transmit the

538
00:26:44,300 --> 00:26:42,090
through millions of miles of space

539
00:26:46,960 --> 00:26:44,310
losing very little intensity along the

540
00:26:51,260 --> 00:26:46,970
way is of great interest to scientists

541
00:26:53,750 --> 00:26:51,270
to study the stars EO one high-energy

542
00:26:56,810 --> 00:26:53,760
Astronomy Observatory was launched in

543
00:26:59,240 --> 00:26:56,820
august already heels instruments have

544
00:27:01,520 --> 00:26:59,250
found a gigantic star whose x-ray

545
00:27:03,730 --> 00:27:01,530
radiation increases violently over a

546
00:27:06,650 --> 00:27:03,740
period of time then returns to normal

547
00:27:09,380 --> 00:27:06,660
po1 will be joined in its task of

548
00:27:12,590 --> 00:27:09,390
mapping the sky for x-ray sources by two

549
00:27:14,240 --> 00:27:12,600
other observatories in the future that's

550
00:27:17,300 --> 00:27:14,250
all we have for this edition of NASA

551
00:27:19,310 --> 00:27:17,310
images but before we go let me remind

552
00:27:21,530 --> 00:27:19,320
you that you are cordially invited to

553
00:27:24,230 --> 00:27:21,540
see displays here at the Visitor Center

554
00:27:26,150 --> 00:27:24,240
at the NASA Lewis Research Center we are

555
00:27:28,570 --> 00:27:26,160
located near the Hopkins international

556
00:27:31,370 --> 00:27:28,580
airport in Cleveland admission is free